Essay examples --

Area and design: A physical area is imperative to our firm yet a site will make our administrations progressively open to more clients situated in various areas. Physical area should be workplaces that incorporate little workplaces for our HR, web specialist lastly rooms and gathering space for the preparation. The location ought to be in a local where there are a ton of workplaces and organizations. Such an area will be powerful on the grounds that it will place us in vicinity to organizations that we can without much of a stretch reach and in their turn will get the message out about us snappier. Likewise being situated close to other realized organizations makes finding us simpler by alluding to their workplaces or area to be close to us. We won’t purchase the property yet have a rent, ideally to have proprietor who will be liable for property charges, protection and support. . The workplace ought to have a space for the principle preparing and a space for open workplaces where representatives will have various undertakings to do. The complete square meter ought to be somewhere in the range of 50 and 60 to meters squares. We discovered workplaces with comparable criteri...

Critically evaluate Direct payments in relation to Personalisation Essay

Basically assess Direct installments according to Personalisation - Essay Example At the point when one has the intensity of picking and the intensity of control, it will henceforth prompt the life of an individual to be in the best state (Barron 2010, p.57). Moreover, because of pay down aids the privatization arrangement, numerous other basic elements are brought into the light. Factors, for example, attempting to guarantee a legitimate and worldwide nearness to both the cultural and administrations that are named as free by the legislature are thought of (Bornat 2008, p.67). Others, for example, the interceding and furthermore the early procedures of mediating, the development and furthermore the nonstop creating of administrations in social orders, and furthermore the division that involves social consideration, attempting to improve the degrees of access to crucial data, and furthermore the direction all things considered, who do use this essential social consideration comforts. This is independent of how they are intended to get their subsidizing, and accomplishing acknowledgment and other steady parts of this field (Hazel 2011, p.34). Direct installments which in short structure are named as DPs, are installments in real money structure, that are paid to an individual, for which they are presently ready to oversee and furthermore make plans of redid help in order to have the option to acquire their different needs that are relate ready to social consideration (Glasby 2009, p.23). In this way, the channel that submits assets for direct installments, begins from the specialists locally. Despite the fact that immediate installments have consistently been available since the year 1996, they are as of now one of the numerous decisions that people who are thus benefited for an individual spending plan (Rogowski 2010, p.87). It is henceforth obvious and without contention that, the quantity of people who use direct installments as a need, has with time developed continually from 50 to 3373, from the years 2002 to the year 2008. It is likewise perceptible that, the quantities of people who use direct installments, from th e year 2007 to 2008, have expanded as far as percent, generally ascending by 61%. This is without a doubt one of the biggest

Blog Archive MBA News GMAC Wins Lawsuit, Commits to Identifying and Reporting Test-Takers

Blog Archive MBA News GMAC Wins Lawsuit, Commits to Identifying and Reporting Test-Takers On Friday, GMAC announced that it had obtained a default judgment in its lawsuit against the operator of Scoretop.com, a website that obtained and distributed copyrighted material, including GMAT questions, related to the GMAT test. In its release, GMAC announced that it possessed Scoretop.com’s hard-drives and would nullify the tests of any test-takers who were members of Scoretop.com. Further, GMAC stated that it was “committed to reporting to schools any unethical behavior that we uncover regarding our testing policy and lack of compliance with that policy by candidates for admission who are sending their scores to schools.” This is not the first time that applicants have needed to face the music for “harmless” internet activity. In 2005, more than one hundred and fifty applicants, mostly to HBS, but also to MIT, Carnegie Mellon and Stanford, followed the directions of a hacker and viewed their admissions decisions ahead of their release. Almost of these candidates were rejected immediately, with Stanford pausing to give consideration and then rejecting them over the course of time.     The internet can be an impersonal place, but there are ramifications for “surfing.” Candidates are reminded to tread carefully and consider their actions. Share ThisTweet Blogroll News

Factors Affecting The Health Community - 887 Words

Factors Affecting the Health Community in Fresno There are many factors that affect health communities in California but looking at a specific community health, helps to focus on geographical areas rather than the people itself. Looking at the central valley and the specific area being Fresno, there are many factors that affect the overall community health. Health disparities such as ethnicity, culture, and community all play a huge role in not being healthy. As stated by the California HealthCare Foundation, Tu (2009, para 1), Fresno being a huge area and a population of 1.6 million people which accounts for almost 5% of the state’s population, getting an insight look on health communities will give a different perspective on overall health. As stated by Tu (2009, para 2), â€Å"Fresno is considered to be one of the poorest communities in California due to almost half the population has a family income below 200 percent of the federal poverty level.† Poor economy, lack of medical facilities and physicians, and poor h ealth stress play a crucial role in affecting the overall community health of Fresno. First of all, hospitals are facing poor and worse payer mix because almost all hospitals in Fresno are non-government district hospitals. The main hospital system in Fresno County is considered to be the Community Medical Centers and St. Agnes Medical Center, and when combined there are 1200 beds as stated by the California HealthCare Foundation, Tu (2009, para 5); which cannotShow MoreRelatedDeterminants Affecting The Morisset Cooranbong Community937 Words   |  4 PagesThe social determinants of health are the social, physical, ecological and environmental factors that affect a community in which individuals work, relax, and live and which ultimately determine the health and wellbeing of these communities (McMurray Clendon, 2015). It is important for communities to be aware of the determinants that affect the individuals in the community in order to provide appropriate support networks and health services and resources to maintain health. The aim of this reportRead MoreAccess Of Contraception And Abortion Within The Latina Community1480 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Latina community in Los Angeles, California has been influenced culturally, socially, and economically. Cultural beliefs, economic disparities, social environment, and language barriers have all prevented Latina’s access to proper pregnancy termination services, which is causing in the detrition of Latina’s sexual and reproductive care. Ultimately in order to promote better reproductive/sexual health and provide better access to contraceptives and abortion within the Latina community in Los AngelesRead MoreAssessment And Care Provision Of Mrs. Amalie Jones1350 Words   |  6 Pagesidentify the risk factors which negatively impacts on her function,safety and independence. Focus of this essay will be demonstrating how the dignity of the client/patient can be maintained through dignified nursing care. The main purpose of this assessment will be to protomote both problem solving and care provision including prioritising.According to Miller’s Functional Theory, not all the health issues are due to age related changes, lot of them are a result of risk factors. These can be addressedRead MoreFactors Affecting Prevalence And Treatment Outcomes Of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus1005 Words   |  5 PagesFactors Affecting Prevalence and Treatment Outcomes of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Rwanda Introduction Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic condition in which the pancreas no longer produces enough Insulin (impaired insulin secretion) or cells stop responding to the insulin that is produced (insulin resistance) resulting in increased blood glucose (â€Å"Endocrine System.† Internal Medicine Clinical Treatment Guidelines. Republic of Rwanda Ministry of Health, 2012 ). SymptomsRead MoreChronic Respiratory Diseases ( Crd )1147 Words   |  5 Pageslook at the prevalence of CRD in both Australia and China and the factors affecting both countries. It will also look into the prevention and treatment strategies for chronic respiratory diseases available in Australia and the health professionals involved in these strategies. Finally, it will look into one of the impacts in has on the community. Chronic respiratory diseases vary widely in severity and have many contributing factors. Although there is no cure, various self-management systems ensureRead MoreEffects Of Protein Energy Malnutrition On Children And Children1708 Words   |  7 Pages This malnutrition disease can be affected from not eating enough healthy diets and recognizing by physical appearance signs, dietary data and bio-medical data. There are some factors affecting in age groups women and children malnutrition by s ocioeconomic and cultural factors, biological factors, and environmental factors (1). Malnutrition fully affected to the starving with other chronic diseases have of age groups women and under five year old children that increasing weakness in the body. AlsoRead MoreThe City Of Overtown Florida Is Located Northwest Of Downtown1302 Words   |  6 Pageshistory with the black community in Miami. It served as a â€Å"colored town† during the Jim Crow era and developed into a central location for the development of the black community to this day. Overtown with its rich history has many building on the National historic registry. Overtown is one of Miami’s original neighborhoods, where African Americans settled in the early 20th Century and built churches, restaurants, residences, nightclubs and theaters (City of Miami, 2016). The community has seen a declineRead MoreBusiness Analysis: WellStar Health Systems Essay1346 Words   |  6 PagesWellStar Health Systems is cur rently the preeminent and largest health care provider in Metro Atlanta. WellStar Health Systems is a not-for-profit institution that is composed of 5 hospitals and an abundance of physician groups. Physician specialty groups included within WellStar are: ENT, Psychiatry, Endocrinology, Pulmonary Medicine, Infectious Disease, General Surgery, Rehabilitation, Pathology, and Rheumatology. WellStar’s organizational design is composed of internal and external factors that defineRead MoreEmory University Health Care System1707 Words   |  7 Pages Emory University Health Care System Hospital- Atlanta, Georgia 7/22/2014 Kaplan University Joyce Ileen Smith  Introduction Founded in 1905, Emory is one of the largest Hospitals in the Georgia with 200 provider locations and 1,800 physicians in more than 70 specialties, including 220 primary care physicians. The report presented evaluates major internal and external factors affecting Emory using an analytical technique. Based on Emory’s’ Services in Georgia, it identifies strategies that haveRead MoreA Brief Note On Aboriginal And Torres Strait Islander Health1590 Words   |  7 Pagessocial disadvantages which significantly impacts their physical, psychological, emotional, spiritual and social health. This essay analyses the impacts of the social determinants of health such as socioeconomic status, early life and psychological distress to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health which causes the wide gap in the social disadvantages experienced by the Indigenous community. According to the assessment of a Productivity Commission report, the Federal Government will fail to meet

Ellisons Definition of an Invisible Man in Battle Royal Essay Examples

Reading through Ralph Ellison’s story â€Å"Battle Royal† one comes to the conclusion that if a man yields to the power of majority without struggle, he dooms himself and his posterity to infinite slavery. It’s no mere chance that the protagonist’s grandfather, laying on his deathbed, says nothing, but a wish for his sons â€Å"to keep up the good fight. (1)† At the time of the old man’s death, his words had little effect on his relatives, who were afraid of doing something â€Å"against the wishes of white folks† (1).   Nevertheless the protagonist unveils the puzzle of his grandfather’s last will later in his life. The story’s told from the first person. The author adds an element of reminiscences to the narration to show the changes in protagonist’s perceptions of reality over time.   The narrator doesn’t color the story with biases or his interests; on the contrary he simply describes the events that happened upon his high school graduation, making the reader judge for himself.   Ã‚  Thinking of old times, the protagonist recalls a fighting contest, Battle Royal, where Ellison creates a perfect setting for the readers to have an idea of a humiliating environment surrounding the fighters and their passivity and unwillingness to destroy the present state of affairs. To underline the feeling of humbleness, humility, self-pity and fighters’ total obedience to white people, the author observes the battle attendees through protagonist’s eyes: â€Å"They were all there-bankers, lawyers, judges, doctors, fire chiefs, teachers, merchants. Even one of the more fashionable pastors† (2). Moreover, the protagonist feels neither scorn nor disdain towards the guests, but rather submission, acceptance of his fate and â€Å"blind terror† (3). The superiority of white men is reinforced with their disparaging treatment of fighters: â€Å"Let me at that big nigger!† (3); â€Å"These niggers look like they are about to pray!† (6); â€Å"We mean to do right by you, but youve got to know your place at all times† (9).   The whole scenery surrounding these people is being described as if it wasn’t â€Å"the main ballroom of the leading hotel† (2), but rather a circus with both fighters and spectators pic tured as wild animals, only the former represented the caged victims and the latter free predators: â€Å"posture clumsy like that of an intoxicated panda† (2); â€Å"That night I dreamed I was at a circus† (10). Passivity, blind obedience to humiliating orders and all-absorbing acceptance of one’s pathetic existence are best illustrated by the behavior of fighters towards each other. Thus before the fight the protagonist observes the inmates around with an absolute indifference, neither does he care about the coming battle at that moment, being more concerned with the speech he was praised for at the graduation ceremony: â€Å"Not from a distaste for fighting but because I didnt care too much for the other fellows who were to take partâ€Å" (2). Being left for the final round with another fighter, the protagonist offers money to the opponent for faking the latter’s defeat, so that the former’s given a chance to say his speech in front of the superior public. He is neither concerned with his present condition, nor with money being on stake, his mind seems constantly occupied by his speech on humility as â€Å"the very essence of progress† (1), which makes him a bright student in the eyes of the men of different color: â€Å"I wanted to deliver my speech and he came at me as though he meant to beat it out of me† (5); â€Å"I wanted to de liver my speech more than anything else in the world, because I felt that only these men could judge truly my ability, and now this stupid clown was ruining my chances† (6). The speech, being present throughout the narration in the protagonist’s mind, and finally delivered in the end of the story, is yet another example of yielding to the wishes of majority. When during his speech the protagonist stumbles and incidentally says â€Å"equality† rather than â€Å"responsibility†, a man from the crowd asks him to repeat his words. The orator repeats â€Å"responsibility†, denying having said otherwise and continues his talk without paying attention to humiliating laughter around. If only men were not passive towards each others, if only they tried to fight for the rights given by God and even if the protagonist in the story accepted having said â€Å"equality†, it could have spurred others in the community to do the same, to act and set faces against inequality much earlier rather than tolerate a belittling treatment and abuse through decades. â€Å"It seemed a whole century would pass before I would roll free, a century in which I was seared through the deepest levels of my body to the fearful breath within me and the breath seared and heated to the point of explosion† (7). If only the realization of injustice came earlier, the protagonist might still have been able to escape his grandparent haunting him with his last words. On the contrary, the ultimate acceptance of his status and inferiority to white men, made the protagonist â€Å"invisible† in the society, further undermining his people’s right for freedom.

Health Risks And Exposure Of Toxic Chemicals - 1048 Words

Health Risk and Exposure to Toxic Chemicals Many scientific researchers have said that our environment has been filled with toxic chemicals, which us humans have had a part of. There are many different issues that should concern us surrounding these toxic chemicals. The major concern is that many of these toxic chemicals have been claimed to be causing damage to the health of humans and even other life forms. Another concern is that most of the theses toxic chemicals have just recently been produced; and by our environment changing everyday there is no telling what effects these toxic chemicals may have in the long run on the public s health. Just about all of these toxic chemicals exist in the way they do because of humans. As humans we practice a lot of different activities that cause toxic chemicals to pollute our environment such as, agriculture, industrial, and many domestic activities as well. Many of the toxic chemicals that we produce and use don t get used in a effective way, which causes them to be wasted, left aba ndoned, and disposed of. When toxic chemicals are not disposed of properly they effect the environment and the public s health in a negative way. There are toxic chemicals surrounding all of us, no matter what part of the world we are in. We can t see them but we breathe them in and even eat them. The realization is that we have many of foreign materials traveling within our bodies, which is most likely causing damage to our innards. Although theseShow MoreRelatedNegative Effects Of Pesticide1653 Words   |  7 PagesPesticide is a chemical widely used around the world for many different reasons. Being a highly toxic chemical, pesticide has been found to be particularly harmful to children’s health. Because children’s immune systems are not as developed as that of an adult, their susceptibility to developing health issues from exposure to the toxic chemical is much greater. This is due to the fact that children’s bodies lack the enzyme that allows them to detoxify and deactivate the chemical from their bodiesRead MoreAir Pollution Essay1365 Words   |  6 Pagesand mobile sources. Among other things, thi s law authorizes EPA to establish National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) to protect public health and public welfare and to regulate emissions of hazardous air pollutants† (Summary of Clean Air Act, 2017). In Texas certain plants that make chemicals do not care if the chemicals get into the air. When chemicals get into the air is when the air becomes polluted. 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This nonstop use of tobacco has been the result of more than 440,000 deaths per year of smokers with an estimated 49Read MoreDioxin: The Chemical and Our Health1451 Words   |  6 PagesDioxin: The Chemical and Our Health Dioxin (polychlorinated dibenzodioxin), commonly known as 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-para-dioxin (2,3,7,8-TCDD), is a group of aromatic hydrocarbon compounds known to be environmental pollutants. Dioxins are produced as a by-product during the manufacturing and burning of plastics (Clancy, Farrow, Finkle, Francis, Heimbecker, Nixon-Ewing, et al., 2011, p. 338). There are many different dioxin compounds, each having different levels of toxicity. Dioxin is commonlyRead MoreFracking, An Unregulated Chemical Cocktail Essay1681 Words   |  7 Pagesfracking fluid used to extract the fuel from its location in the Earth. 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Accounting and Finance for Business Corporate Finance

Question: Discuss about the Report for Accounting and Finance for Business of Corporate Finance. Answer: Case Study 1 The relevant data for the given case study is summarised below (Yahoo Finance, 2016) Date Adjusted Closing Price Dividends Paid ($) Domino RFG Domino RFG June 30, 2010 4.12 1.7 June 30, 2011 5.04 1.67 0.317142 0.192857 June 30, 2012 8.79 2.01 0.35 0.228572 June 30, 2013 10.19 3.25 0.422858 0.264285 June 30, 2014 20.67 3.99 0.472857 0.3 June 30, 2015 35.09 5.04 0.622857 0.325 1. Formula for Holding Period Return (HPR) = [(P1 + D P0)/P0]*100 Where P1 = Next year price, P0 = Current year price , D = Dividend Hence, using the above formula the HPR for the two companies is as shown below. Year HPR (%) Domino RFG 2010-2011 30.03% 9.58% 2011-2012 81.35% 34.05% 2012-2013 20.74% 74.84% 2013-2014 107.49% 32.00% 2014-2015 72.78% 34.46% 2. Expected returns (Domino) = (30.03+81.35+20.74+107.49+72.78)/5 = 62.48% Expected returns (RFG) = (9.58+34.05+74.84+32.00+34.46)/5 = 36.99% 3. The risk of each company is measured by the calculation of the standard deviation of the sample returns calculated above (Damodaran, 2008) The standard deviation for Domino based on sample return is captured in the table below. X (X- Mean)^2 30.03% 0.105286 81.35% 0.035622 20.74% 0.174203 107.49% 0.202598 72.78% 0.010611 Total 0.528319 Hence, standard deviation = (0.528319/4) = 0.3634 = 36.34% pa The standard deviation for RFG based on sample return is captured in the table below. X (X- Mean)^2 9.58% 0.075107 34.05% 0.000864 74.84% 0.143297 32.00% 0.002485 34.46% 0.000637 Total 0.22239 Hence, standard deviation = (0.22239/4) = 0.2358 =23.58% pa 4. Total Return to Shareholders (Dominos) = [(35.09 + 2.185714)/4.12]1/5 -1 = 55.35% pa Total Return to Shareholders (RFG) = [(5.04 + 1.310714)/1.7]1/5 -1 = 30.16% pa 5. It is apparent that in terms of returns the performance of Dominos is comparatively superior in comparison with RFG. However, the underlying risk in case of Dominos is also more as indicated by the higher standard deviation of the returns of the stock. As a result, in order to compare the performance of the two stocks we need to compute the risk adjusted shareholders return for each of the stock as shown below (Brealey, Myers Allen, 2008). Risk adjusted shareholders return (Dominos) = (55.35/36.34) = 1.52 Risk adjusted shareholders return (RFG) = (30.16/23.58) = 1.28 Based on the above computation, it is apparent that performance of Dominos stock is significantly superior to RFG during the given period. Case Study 2 1. Contribution Margin = Sale Price Variable Cost Unit sale price of cupcake (Given) = $ 3 Royalty Expenses = 8% of sales = (8/100)*3 = $ 0.24 Contribution to marketing cost = 5% of sales = (5/100)*3 = $ 0.15 Cost of ingredients per unit = $ 0.38 Hence, unit variable costs = 0.24 + 0.15 + 0.38 = $ 0.77 Hence, unit contribution margin = 3 -0.77 = $ 2.23 2. Let the breakeven volume be x cupcakes Then, according to the breakeven condition Unit contribution margin * x = Total fixed costs The calculation of the total annual fixed costs is shown below. Yearly rental = 350*52 = $ 18,200 Annual outgoings = $ 3,500 Total wages = (16+17)*8*252 = $ 66,528 Superannuation = (9.5/100)*66528 = $ 6,320.16 Hence, total fixes costs = 18,200 + 3,500 + 66,528 + 6,320.16 = $ 94,548.16 Hence, 2.23x = 94,548.16 Solving the above, we get x = 42,399 units 3. No. of cupcakes produced in a day = 144 Hence, annual pre-tax profit = Total contribution margin Total fixed costs = 144*2.23*252 - 94,548.16 = - $ 13,625.9 Hence, the pre-tax annual loss would be $ 13,625.9. 4. New selling price = 3.70 Unit contribution margin = 3.70 (0.13*3.70)- 0.38 = $ 2.839 No. of cupcakes produced in a day = 134 Hence, annual pre-tax profit = Total contribution margin Total fixed costs = 134*2.839*252 - 94,548.16 = $ 1,319.19 Thus, the pre-tax annual profit would be $ 1,319.19 5. New selling price = 2.70 Unit contribution margin = 2.70 (0.13*2.70)- 0.38 = $ 1.969 Pre-tax profit desired = $ 10,000 Let the cupcake required to achieve the above profit be x Hence, 1.969x (94,548.16 +17*8*252*1.095) = 10000 Solving the above, we get x= 72,157 Thus, the annual sales of cupcakes need to be 72,157 in order to earn an annual pre-tax profit of $ 10,000. Case Study 3 1. The assumptions for computation of discounted payback are as follows. All cash inflows and outflows are expected to occur at the end of the year only. Further, the initial investment on fittings has been depreciated on a straight line basis over a period of 10 years. The discounted value of the incremental cash flows arising from the business during the first 12 years is summarised in the table shown below (Petty et. al., 2015) It is apparent from the above table, that discounted payback period cannot be found out in the given case as the years increase the discounted value of the cash flow would keep on decreasing and the vendor would not be able to ever recover the initial investment of $ 200,000 using the discounted cash flow. The analysis has been extended to future years (i.e. upto 50 years) and then also the discounted cash flows are not sufficient to meet the initial investment. Hence, the discounted payback period cannot be computed in the given case since it does not exist (Damodaran, 2008). 2. In this case, since the business is sold in third year only, hence depreciation is considered to be absent in this case. The NPV of the business is calculated using the table below. Year 0 1 2 3 Cash inflow Number of cupcakes sold 70000 80000 90000 Unit Price ($) 2.7 2.7 2.7 Total Revenue ($) 189000 216000 243000 Sale price of business ($) 150000 Cash outflow Royalty Payment ($) 15120 17280 19440 Contribution towards marketing 9450 10800 12150 Cost of ingredients 26600 30400 34200 Annual Rental 18200 18200 18200 Annual Outgoings 3500 3500 3500 Annual Shop Assistant Wage 32256 32256 32256 Annual baker wage 68544 68544 68544 Annual superannuation contribution 9576 9576 9576 Initial investment in fittings and equipment 200000 Total cash outflow($) 200000 183246 190556 197866 Net cash inflow/(outflow) pre tax -200000 5754 25444 195134 Tax @ 30% 0 1726.2 7633.2 58540.2 Post tax net cash inflow ($) -200000 4027.8 17810.8 136593.8 PV of discounted cash flow -200000 3472.241 13236.33 87509.87 NPV ($) -95781.57 The NPV of the given business is -$ 95,781.57 3. The formula for profitability index is as shown below. Profitability index = (NPV + Initial Investment)/Initial Investment Profitability index = (-95781.57 + 200000)/200000 = 0.52 4. The investment in not financially viable since the NPV of the project is negative. Hence, Jane should not make an investment in the project (Parrino Kidwell, 2011). 5. From the article, it is apparent that there are significant business risks that are attached with the cupcake business. In order to overcome these risks, it is imperative that Jane should look to build up a brand and there focus on the whole value chain. This is imperative due to the low entry barriers and difficulty in differentiation. Thus, Jane should try to a premium baker with a strong brand so that it could differentiate itself from the competitors whose offering may be quite similar (Petty et. al., 2015). Thus, the current strategy of Jane of low price volume model may not be suitable as the market share in the cupcake market tends to be dynamic. Case Study 4 1. The requisite table is shown below (Dominos, 2015; RFG, 2015). Particulars EPS ($) Growth Rate (EPS) % Dominos RFG Domino RFG 30th June 2010 0.25 0.25 30th June 2011 0.3 0.25 20.00% 0.00% 30th June 2012 0.372 0.26 24.00% 4.00% 30th June 2013 0.391 0.26 5.11% 0.00% 30th June 2014 0.505 0.27 29.16% 3.85% 30th June 2015 0.742 0.22 46.93% -18.52% Dominos Enterprises (Dominos, 2015) Net profit margin = Net profit/ Total Revenue = (68421/539138)*100 = 12.69% Asset Turnover Ratio = Total Revenue/ Total Assets =539138/630600 = 0.85 Leverage Ratio = Total Liabilities /Total Equity = 325544/305056= 1.067 Return on Equity = Net profit/Total Equity =(68421/305056)*100 = 22.43% RFG (RFG, 2015) Net profit margin = Net profit/ Total Revenue = (34219/120768)*100 = 28.33 Asset Turnover Ratio = Total Revenue/ Total Assets = 120768/680048 = 0.177 Leverage Ratio = Total Liabilities /Total Equity = 276266/403782 = 0.68 Return on Equity = Net profit/Total Equity =(34219/403782)*100 = 8.47% Quick Ratio (RFG) = (Current Assets Inventory)/Current Liabilities = (90182-20901) /97025 = 0.71 Net debt to equity ratio (RFG) = Total Liabilities /Total Equity = 276266/403782 = 0.68 Quick Ratio (Dominos) = (Current Assets Inventory)/Current Liabilities = (116547-12282) /131131 = 0.795 Net debt to equity ratio (Dominos) = Total Liabilities /Total Equity = 325544/305056= 1.067 2. It is apparent from the above stats especially the EPS, that the performance of Dominos has been significantly better than that of RFG. This is apparent from the fact that in 2010, both companies had an EPS of $0.25. However, five years hence, the EPS of Dominos has enhanced to $ 0.742 while that of RFG has further languished to $ 0.22. This robust increase in the business and corresponding profitability has also reflected in the share prices of the shares of the both the companies over the period of five years (Parrino Kidwell, 2011). 3. The Total Return to Shareholders over the last five years for the two companies is summarised below. Total Return to Shareholders (Dominos) = 55.35% pa Total Return to Shareholders (RFG) = 30.16% pa The variables that impact the total return to shareholders are the dividend payments and share price. Since the EPS of the Dominos has witnessed a stupendous growth, this has also reflected in the stock price and the dividend paid. Normally, the higher the profits of the company, the higher would be the absolute dividend payouts to shareholders. This trend is also reflected in the below shown data. Date Adjusted Closing Price Dividends Paid ($) Domino RFG Domino RFG June 30, 2010 4.12 1.7 June 30, 2011 5.04 1.67 0.317142 0.192857 June 30, 2012 8.79 2.01 0.35 0.228572 June 30, 2013 10.19 3.25 0.422858 0.264285 June 30, 2014 20.67 3.99 0.472857 0.3 June 30, 2015 35.09 5.04 0.622857 0.325 In the last five years, the dividend payments for Dominos have become twice unlike RFG. Also, the stock price of Dominos has become almost 9 times since 2010 unlike PFG where the price has become only thrice in the last three years. The above difference is mainly linked with the respective financial performance of the two firms (Damodaran, 2008) Case Study 5 1. The completed table is shown below. DMP RFG Date 16 August, 2016 16 August, 2016 Last Price (AUD) 74.11 5.84 Shares Outstanding (M) 87m 164.97m Market Cap (B AUD) 6.45 0.96 Earnings Per Share (AUD) (TTM) $0.74 $0.26 Current P/E Ratio (TTM) 100.15 22.46 Dividend (AUD) (TTM) $0.518 $0.3536 Current Dividend Yield (%) 0.70 6.05 2. The completed table is shown below (Brigham Ehrhardt, 2013). Definition/Explanation Last Price (AUD) The last trading price of a particular share Shares Outstanding (M) It refers to the total number of shares that have been authorised and issued to the various shareholders of a given firm Market Cap (B AUD) It refers to the market value of the outstanding shares of the company. Market cap = Market price * Outstanding shares Earnings Per Share (AUD) (TTM) It is the amount of net profit that is attributed to each of the equity shareholder of the company during the last 12 months Current P/E Ratio (TTM) P/E ratio = Current Market Price/Earnings per share (TTM) Dividend (AUD) (TTM) The amount of money that the company pays from profit to company shareholders based on the number of shares held. Current Dividend Yield (%) Current Dividend Yield = (Dividend/Current Market Price)*100 3. It is apparent from the table above that market value of Dominos share is significantly greater than that of RFG. Additionally despite the difference in outstanding shares, the market capitalisation of Dominos is more than six times that of RFG which is indicative that amongst the two companies Dominos has more net worth as compared to RFG. The Dominos share is trading at a very high P/E in comparison with RFG which is indicative of the high growth potential of Dominos in the view of shareholders. Further, the main source of income for Dominos shareholders is expected in the form of capital appreciation as the dividend yield is very low. This is not true for RFG where the dividend yield at around 6% continues to be lucrative (Brealey, Myers Allen, 2008). References Brealey, R, Myers, S Allen, F 2008, Principles of Corporate Finance, 9th edn, McGraw Hill Publications, New York Brigham, EF Ehrhardt, MC 2013. Financial Management: Theory Practice, 14th edn., South-Western College Publications, New York Damodaran, A 2008, Corporate Finance, 2nd edn, Wiley Publications, London Dominos 2015, Annual Report 2015, Dominos Website, Available online from https://dominosinvestors.com.au/?utm_source=dominosutm_medium=websiteutm_term=investorsutm_campaign=menulink (Accessed on August 17, 2016) Parrino, R Kidwell, D 2011, Fundamentals of Corporate Finance, 3rd edn, Wiley Publications, London Petty, JW, Titman, S, Keown, AJ, Martin, P, Martin JD Burrow, M 2015, Financial Management: Principles and Applications,6th edn, Pearson Australia, Sydney RFG 2015, Annual Report 2015, RFG Website, Available online from https://www.rfg.com.au/images/investor_docs/RFG2015AnnualReport.pdf (Accessed on August 17, 2016) Yahoo Finance 2016, Historical Price of Stocks, Available online from www.yahoo.finance.au (Accessed on August 16, 2016)

The road interpretation of the woman Essay Example

The road interpretation of the woman Essay Throughout The Road, Corm McCarthy draws a very heavy line in the sand between giving up and persevering. Very often, this line in the sand adheres to strict gender lines: while women are shown to give up in one form or another, the father and son who struggle down the post-Apocalyptic road tell themselves, This is what the good guys do. They keep trying. They dont give up 0. After closer reading of the text, reveals that not giving up is not always the lesser of two evils. McCarthy places an emphasis on the mothers body as a vessel of creation, the only form of creation in a world filled with death and destruction: Always so deliberate, hardly surprised by the most outlandish events. A creation perfectly evolved to meet its own end. A few nights later she gave birth in their bed by the light off Darrell lamp. While she labors to create a child, however, Her cries meant nothing to [the father] (54): as a man, he does not identify with this labor-as-creation . We will write a custom essay sample on The road interpretation of the woman specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The road interpretation of the woman specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The road interpretation of the woman specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In fact, there doesnt even seem to be a memory of creation once the mother is gone. When the father and son find the charred remains of a roasted baby, the boy asks, Where did they find it? because, in a male-centric world, they are capable only of scavenging canned goods and old shoes (200). The idea of someone creating the baby is an alien one too boy who has grown up only in the ravaged landscape that is now the world. Throughout the novel, the father closely associates his wife with the world-as-it-was, a green and verdant pre-apocalyptic landscape: In dreams his pale bride came to him out of a green and leafy canopy. Her nipples peculated and her rib bones painted white. Since she embodied a time of bliss, nevertheless, not only does the wife and mother have no place in the new world of death and deprivation, but even her recollection is out of place: He mistrusted all of that. He said the right dreams for a man in peril were dreams of peril and all else was the call of language and of death 0. For individual women who are ill-fated enough to survive on the road, their figures, once vessels of conception, become assets: Behind them came wagons drawn by laves in harness and piled with goods of war and after that the women, perhaps a dozen in number, some of them pregnant, and lastly a supplementary consort of activates ill clothed against the cold and fitted in dog collars and yoked to each to each (92). In order of importance, they hold less value than goods of war but more value than activates, male sex slaves. In fact, when the mother calmly discusses her own suicide, she correctly predicts these occurrences: Sooner or later they will catch us and they will kill us. They will rape me. They are going to rape us and kill us and eat us and you wont face it (58). In some ways, her brutal acceptance of the world-as-it-has-become is much braver than the fathers Im-sure-everything-will-be-fine-when-we-get-to-the-coast brand of denial. Her willingness to murder her own child to protect him from one of the cruelest worlds in recent literature stands in direct opposition to the father, who, when finally faced with the decision, says, l cannot hold my son dead in my arms. I she says, They say that women dream of danger to those in their care and men of anger to themselves. But I dont dream at all. My heart was ripped out of me the night he was born so dont ask for sorrow now. There is none . Though she brought her child into the world, she knew the world was no place for either her or him, a fact that the father looks back on with some bitterness. Despite the fathers vicious remembering of his wife, however, it is eventually revealed that he feels a certain responsibility for her death: In his dream she was sick and he cared for her. The dream bore the look of sacrifice but he thought fervently. He did not take care of her and she died alone somewhere in the dark and there is no other dream nor other waking world and there is no other tale to tell . In fact, he even goes so far as to say, Hed come to see a message in each such late history, a message and a warning, and so this tableau of the slain and the devoured did prove to be . Only a man who feels a certain level of guilt for the way things have turned out could possibly see a message and a warning in a setting such as this.

Unbeknownst

Unbeknownst Unbeknownst Unbeknownst By Maeve Maddox A British reader questions what he sees as a recent use of unbeknownst: Curious about the current (British/Irish English only?) replacement of unknown to him by unbeknown/unbeknownst to him (university students work attests to it in yoof-speak, and BBC documentaries to it in them elder lemons what should beknow better). Is this also creeping into American English? Partial paraphrase of the reader’s comment: The writing of university students offers evidence that â€Å"unbeknownst to him† is current in youth slang, and the phrase occurs in BBC documentaries written by old-timers who should know better than to use it. Although some speakers feel that unbeknownst â€Å"sounds medieval,† it is a fairly recent coinage, although not as recent as the reader seems to think: it dates from the 19th century. The first OED citation is from a letter written by novelist Mrs. Gaskell: You dont see me, but I often am sitting in the rocking-chair unbeknownst to you. (1848) The phrase â€Å"unbeknown to,† on the other hand, is documented as early as 1636. How the -st became attached to the word is- well- unknown. A Google search indicates that the phrases â€Å"unbeknown to him† and â€Å"unbeknownst to him† are in use, but they rank far behind the more conventional â€Å"unknown to him†: 1. â€Å"unbeknown to him† About 151,000 results   2. â€Å"unbeknownst to him† About 391,000 results   3. â€Å"unknown to him† About 12,800,000 results On the Ngram Viewer, Number One does not even show; Number Two makes a slight showing, and Number Three shows a marked decline in 1900, but remains well ahead of â€Å"unbeknownst to him.† As for the phrase’s â€Å"creeping into American English,† it did that eighty-four years after Mrs. Gaskell used it- in Light in August by William Faulkner: â€Å"Interfering with his work unbeknownst to him.† The use of unbeknownst in modern English is probably best described as â€Å"jocular† or â€Å"colloquial,† although it can be found in professional contexts: Description of a car accident, NBC News Unbeknownst to the first people who tried to help the victim of the crash, an adult male, the water was electrified. Report of an experiment, Chicago Booth, publication of the University of Chicago Booth School of Business Unbeknownst to them, the first part of the experiment served simply to expose them, in the form of a celebrity-trivia quiz, to pictures of high-profile, successful individuals. Article about deception, Wired. Unbeknownst to the subject, the boy is wearing a radio receiver in his ear, and every word he says is transmitted to him by a 37-year-old university professor sitting in a nearby room. Article about stress of modern life, The New Republic Unbeknownst to her at the time, a shooting had occurred the previous day in the same neighborhood.   Feature about racism among children, PBS Frontline Unbeknownst to his parents, he had started a blog, which they only learned about when another parent called to warn them. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Good At, Good In, and Good WithWork of Art TitlesEnglish Grammar 101: Prepositions

Report which critically assesses the reasons for the success or Essay

Report which critically assesses the reasons for the success or failure of an innovation - Essay Example The process of innovation starts when the product is first conceived and moves towards its realisation. This involves a number of factors that are controllable and certain others that are not controllable. Almost all of the controllable factors are internal to the company. These include project management and implementation from ground zero to creating the product with specific advantages. The controllable factors also include the internal knowledge on the product and the product market, the amount of efforts that the company spends in pre-development activities. There are also a number of uncontrollable factors which are primarily external to the company. These include the changes that come about in the market potential for the product, the market itself and the competitor response to the product development. There are also other factors like the capital requirements and the legal factors which could turn out to be very important when the product hits the market. The aim of this paper is to study a product that was launched in the company. This would analyse the various factors that influenced the launch of this product, both controllable and not controllable. This study would also look at the reasons why the product behaved the way it did in the market and what could have been done in order to rectify these conditions. The final deductions are put down under the conclusion while the rest of the paper carries the initial study and analysis. Product The product identified for this purpose is the launch of the Azotobactor bacterial based bio fertilizer by the company that is being considered. The company launched the product in 1998 in the markets of Europe and Latin America after a pro-longed development effort and observation of how agriculture is practiced in those countries. The company has been selling fertilizers for about 25 years prior to that. As an effort towards test marketing the company did sell some of the products in Bio fertilizer range that they have been selling in UK for six months before going for a full fledged launch of these fertilisers. The study is taken up to cover the entire project till the launch was formally completed in 2004 and the product moved into the maintenance mode. Controllable Factors The developments of any of the products have both controllable and not controllable factors influencing them. In order to analyse the effect of these factors, the history behind the product launch has to be taken note of. This product was launched by a chemical fertiliser company as a new entrant into the bio fertiliser market or the organic fertiliser market. With the increasing tendency of making the fields more and more chemical, with both chemical fertilisers and pesticides, the bio fertilisers were looked at as the future fertilisers. It was expected that these would stand the test of time and would be the best regenerative alternate for chemical fertilisers. With this in mind the company embarked on the mission to launch the bio fertilisers in Europe and in the Latin American markets. They were not the first to bring it, though, the rest of the industry that tried did not meet with specific success either. There was also an imminent need that the company also gets into this ban d wagon. There were a number of products which were being called the bio fertiliser

Demand and Factors that Determine the Demand for Rail Transport Assignment

Demand and Factors that Determine the Demand for Rail Transport Between London and Preston - Assignment Example According to the law of demand, with other factors held constant, generally, the demand decreases/increases with the increase/decrease in price of the good. This relationship between demand and price is plotted on a graph as a â€Å"demand curve† as shown in Figure 1. What factors determine the demand for rail transport between London and Preston? The demand for rail transport between London and Preston depends on the following factors: 1. Price of rail travel between London and Preston: The most important factor that determines demand of this transport is the price of rail ticket to travel between London and Preston. Travelers would compare this price of ticket to cost of using alternative transport. This is important not only for people travelling once in a while but also for frequent travelers. If there exists considerably reduced fare possibility for frequent travelers, the demand could be expected to be higher from these frequent travelers would have lower cost of travel. 2. Time taken by rail travel between London and Preston: Time taken to travel by train is another important factor. If the time taken by train is considerably longer than other means of transport, the demand may be lower for rail travel. 3. Quality of rail service between Lo ndon and Preston: The quality of service could also be an important factor. It includes not only the quality and comfort of travel by train but also other factors like the frequency of trains, on-time arrival, and the time of departure/arrival of trains. Frequency of trains is important so that if consumer(s) change their itinerary suddenly, if there are alternative trains frequently running, they would not be forced to shift to another means of transport. Next, if the trains are frequently running late, consumers may not find the rail travel very efficient. Also, if the departure and arrival times of trains are not convenient, consumers would not find rail travel very attractive. For example if trains arrive only late at night or if the trains run during the entire length of the day, consumers may be put off. 4. Attractiveness of alternative modes of travel between London and Preston: There could be several other ways consumers to travel between London and Preston. If these service s are more attractive, then demand for rail travel would be low. The attractiveness of these alternatives also depends on the relative price of these modes, relative comfort, and other factors. Some of these are discussed below for the three other possible modes of transport a. By car: Several factors could influence the attractiveness of going by car instead. These factors include: fuel price (cost of taking the car), relative length of time taken to drive compared to rail travel, and quality of highways (comfort of ride). b. By air: Factors influencing the relative attractiveness of air travel are: price of air travel, relative total time taken to get from â€Å"door to door†, and of quality air transport services. However, there is another important factor here which is the distance of nearest airport from Preston. c. By bus: Factors influencing the relative attractiveness of bus travel are: price of bus tickets, time taken by buses, and the quality of bus services. 5. Day of the week and seasonal effects: The day of the week could be an important factor. For example, if business travel is frequent on this route, then weekends may see a much lower demand. Also, Seasonal effects are likely to significantly influence demand. For example, during Christmas the demand may be

New labour’s rights policies on inclusive education and rights Essay Example for Free

New labour’s rights policies on inclusive education and rights Essay To realize advantages and shortcomings of inclusive education in practice we have to consider as well whether childrens rights are observed within the context of inclusion as well as to analyse the main provisions of legislative instruments and governmental documents regarding this sphere. This will give us a better insight of what forces act in the process of transition to inclusive education intensively promoted by New Labour government and what effect they have upon children-recipients. Internationally, the UN Convention on the Rights of a Child has established a near global consensus concerning the minimum necessary rights for children: rights to provision, protection and participation the 3 Ps (Pugh 2005, p. 4). The UK does not stand apart in international processes of providing all children, including the most vulnerable children wit SEN, with the opportunity to exercise these rights. Many observers admit that the election and re-election of more children friendly New Labour governments in 1997 and 2001 resulted in significant political development for childrens rights, as an extensive range of new policies and laws affecting the lives of children both directly and indirectly have been promulgated (Foley et al. 2003, p. 38). They include Health Action Zones, The Childrens Taskforce, The Childrens National Service Framework, The National Childcare Strategy, Early Years and Development and Child Care Partnerships, Quality Protects, Removing Barriers to Achievement, Sure Start, Every Child Matters etc. (Pugh 2005, p. 1). Besides, a very important document was adopted in 2001 – a new statutory guidance from New Labour Government Inclusive Schooling: Children with Special Educational Needs (DfES 2001) which sets out the main principles of inclusive education: with the right training, strategies and support nearly all children with special educational needs can be successfully included in mainstream education; an inclusive education service offers excellence and choice and incorporates the views of parents and children; the interests of children must be safeguarded; schools, local education authorities and others should actively seek to remove barriers to learning and participation; all children should have access to an appropriate education that affords them the opportunity to achieve their personal potential; mainstream education will not always be right for every child all of the time. Equally, just because mainstream education may not be right at a particular stage it does not prevent the child from being included successfully at a later stage. This document stipulates that schools and local education authorities ability to refuse a mainstream place for a child with special educational needs is severely restricted. They are able to refuse a mainstream school place to a child if it would be incompatible with the efficient education of others; however, reasonable steps must be taken to prevent that incompatibility (DfES 2001). The Green Paper Every Child Matters further illustrates New Labours commitment to reform services delivered to children, especially those with SEN, with the purpose to provide all of them with the opportunity to be healthy, to stay safe, to have high academic attainments, to participate in life of community, enjoy and develop, and to achieve financial well-being. The focus of this document is on early intervention, removing the barriers to learning – both physical and social, preventative work and integrated services for children (DFES 2003). The latter provision reasonably stresses importance of transagency collaboration and coordination to achieve better quality of services delivered to children in need. The use of collaborative teaming among professionals, agencies, the child, and family members, the use of the curriculum that focuses on the interactions between the pupil and his/her environments as well as the establishment and use of interagency linkages to facilitate the smooth integration of the child in mainstream school are the most important components of this cooperation (Cheminais 2006, p.19). A crucial motif in such policies is the idea of equal worth and recognition for people deemed to be disadvantaged, marginalised and excluded. Notions of children locked in cycles of personal and social deprivation, excluded, but also self-excluding, emotionally damaged and lacking confidence and skills permeate these initiatives (Rieser 2000, p. 148). These legal instruments, in actual fact, established broad social investment programmes focusing on attaining such major outcomes for all children, including those with SEN, as to assure them to be healthy, to live in safe environment, to improve their academic achievements, to participate in full measure in social life, enjoy and develop, and to attain financial well-being (DFES 2003). The government has raised family incomes by introducing a national minimum wage and through policies such as the working families tax credit (Pugh 2005, p.8). The establishment of a Cabinet Committee on Children and Young Peoples Services, and a Children and Young Peoples Unit in the Department for Education and Skills (DfES), with a remit to develop a cross-departmental approach to policy as well as administering the Children Fund with ? 450 million to help to alleviate child poverty and social exclusion (DfES 2003), offer further testament to government commitments to children. The introduction of the National Childcare Strategy and Quality Protects with its strong recommendation that local authorities appoint a Childrens Rights Officer for looked after children, combined with the establishment of the Social Exclusion Unit and a number of community initiatives such as Sure Start designed to help preschool children, have increased assistance to children and their families, especially in severely disadvantaged areas (Pugh 2005). But any review of the Labour governments record must include brickbats alongside bouquets. New Labour has reduced the number of children in poverty in recent years but the figures remain substantial for a country which ranks among the seven most industrialised nations in the world (Corbett 2001, p. 67). Young people under the age of 22, moreover, are exempted from the adult minimum wage of ? 4. 10 (Rieser 2000, p. 154). The centralisation of education, the imposition of national curricula and league tables and the privatising of certain aspects of education, are unlikely to promote childrens participation rights or provide them with a voice in the running of their inclusive schools. Perhaps most significantly, New Labours election has regressed into a populist and authoritarian series of measures, such as curfews and electronic tagging. The Home Office, moreover, encouraged public perceptions of young people as unruly, out of control and requiring policies which stress containment (Robertson 2003). Indeed, children must be subject to the necessary guidance and discipline of adults, but they have to be partners in this process – not just passive recipients, if we talk about real inclusive schooling. In actual fact, legally, the paternalistic notion that the best interests of the child must be protected has increasingly come to be supplemented by the principle that children have a right to express their views and have their wishes taken into account in legal decisions which concern them (Cheminais 2006, p. 23). In particular, the Children Act 2004 carefully straddles the divide between protectionist or paternalist and participatory rights. Its guiding principle is that the childs welfare is paramount, but the legislation also supports the principle that, where possible and appropriate, the ascertainable wishes and feelings of the child concerned should inform decisions (HMSO 2004, Part 2). In truth the judiciary continue to interpret this latter requirement conservatively falling back on paternalistic assumptions of childrens incompetence (Robertson 2003). Thus, it comes as no surprise that Armstrong (2005, p.138) argues that a transformatory agenda [of New Labour government] may be characterized by the rhetoric of change rather than by any substantive transformation of values and practices. Moreover, contradicting to its own declared values concerning inclusive education New Labour government sees special schools at the front position of the wider education agenda and emphasises the need to recognise and value their contribution within a framework of inclusion (DfES 2003). It is obvious that continuation of segregated special schools is contravening human rights – real inclusion cannot happen in the special school. As recent studies on the trends in the UK educational system show that he formalisation of relationships in education has been encouraged by the growing tendency towards extending the scope of bureaucratic intervention in the everyday life of schools (Atkinson et al. 2002). Increasingly, every aspect of education is subjected to rule-making and regulated through inspection and auditing. As a result of a highly centralised system of education managed by an interventionist bureaucracy little is left to chance (Foley et al. 2003, p. 112). It has been noted that even primary school teachers are allowed little initiative to exercise their professional judgment. The national curriculum dominates the classroom and teachers activity is regulated by the need to respond to the demands of standardised tests and inspections (Thomas Vaughan 2004, p. 63). The expansion of bureaucratic control is justified on the grounds that it ensures the maintenance of standards of education (Armstrong 2005, p.141). While the impact of the standardisation of teaching on the quality of education is debatable, its consequences on the relationship between the different parties – teachers, students, local authorities, parents – are strikingly clear. New Labour government declared that its top priority is raising educational standards – it is a great target, but what is troubling that the governments purpose has also been clearly signalled – education is valued less for its intrinsic qualities of self-development and more for its contribution to creating a new kind of society (Armstrong 2005, p.136). In that way, future prosperity of the UK rests with its capacity to develop and harness the skills required to be a significant player in the new knowledge-based international economy. Here it is evident that New Labour government sees the role of education explicitly in terms of social engineering. It means that the inclusion agenda in the UK has a moral and rhetorical appeal, while its conceptual vagueness can be seen after closer analysis. Conclusion. The conducted study demonstrated that there are no simple solutions to the task of inclusive thinking, relations and practice, that here is no room for complacency in the pursuit of understanding and implementing inclusive education. Without a doubt, inclusion can make great contribution to maximising the participation of all learners and the removal of discriminatory and exclusionary assumptions and practices in schools. Fortunately, recently society has shifted from a sentimental approach to disability to one which concerns entitlement. Inclusive education theorists and practitioners have moved distinctly on from a preoccupation with mere physical location in a school or college and a campaigning for civil rights issues. Physical access and disability rights continue to be ongoing struggles and theoretical concerns but the overriding practical priority in schools is that of coping with difficult behaviour and with learning difficulties. Here it is important not to see inclusion as the concern of special educators but of concern to all those involved in the school or college settings. While the earlier integration focus tended to be on physical access and specialist resources, inclusive education implies a shared responsibility and a joint concern. In such a way, now SEN is at the core of educational agenda, and it is seen as the business of mainstream schools to address basic skills and to meet individual needs. If successfully implemented inclusive schooling can give the opportunity for children with a disability to participate fully in all the educational, employment, consumer, leisure, community and domestic activities that characterize everyday society. But to advance an agenda for inclusion and to make the ideals represented in New Labour government policies a meaningful reality in schools, the society has much to do. Our study proves rightfulness of Armstrong’ arguments that even if being ambitious and extensive New Labour’s policies promulgating inclusive education do not yielded in practical results for children with SEN. To date they remain in many aspects just a declaration of what changes in education would be implemented, but the rhetoric of change has not been followed by substantive transformation of values and practices towards inclusion. Many children come to school with problems. Recognition of this and sensitivity to it is part of inclusive education as we revealed in our study. A responsive school climate, which views problems as challenges and not obstacles, is a key factor in successful movement to really inclusive education. The focus in it has to be on institutional systems, attitudes, flexibility and responsiveness rather than on the special needs child. In order to provide such a highly developed level of inclusiveness, schools have to be willing to work consistently on improving and adapting both their curriculum and social climate. It has to be a school which relates to individual needs, institutional resources and to community values. Today inclusion in school settings, for all the political rhetoric, remains the cause of a good deal of anxiety with the vast majority of teachers, parents and children. To work to advance an agenda for inclusion, in the target-driven and achievement-oriented market place that education has become, requires placing emphasis on breaking down the barriers which create exclusion. It means that we have to work on the attainment of a more inclusive society, which is not solely the responsibility of teachers in schools, and which is most likely to be achieved only when we will be able to develop a more equitable educational system. References Ainscow, M. , Booth, T. , Dyson, A. , with Farrell, P. , Frankham, J. , Gallannaugh, F. , Howes, A. Smith, R. 2006, Improving Schools, Developing Inclusion, Routledge, London. HMSO 2004, The Children Act 2004, HMSO, London. Armstrong, D. 2005, Reinventing Inclusion: New Labour and the Cultural Politics of Special Education, Oxford Review of Education, vol. 31, no. 1, pp. 135–151. Atkinson, T. , Cantillon, B. , Marlier, E. , Nolan, B. 2002, Social Indicators: The EU and Social Inclusion, Oxford University Press, Oxford. Booth, T. , Ainscow, M. 1998, From Them to Us: Setting up the Study, in From Them to Us: An International Study of Inclusion in Education, eds. T. Booth M. Ainscow, Routledge, London, pp. 1-20. Booth, T. , Ainscow, M. , Dyson, A. 1998, England: Inclusion and Exclusion in a Competitive System, in From Them to Us: An International Study of Inclusion in Education, eds. T. Booth M. Ainscow, Routledge, London, pp. 193-225. Clark, C. , Dyson, A. Millward, A. 1998, Introducing the Issue of Theorising, in Theorising Special Education, eds. C. Clark, A. Dyson A. Millward, Routledge, London, pp. 1-6. Cheminais, R. 2006, Every Child Matters: New Role for SENCOs, David Fulton Publishers, London. Clough, P. , Corbett, J. 2000, Theories of Inclusive Education: A Students’ Guide, Chapman, London. Corbett, J. 2001, Supporting Inclusive Education: A Connective Pedagogy, RoutledgeFalmer, London. DfES 2001, Inclusive Schooling: Children with Special Educational Needs, DfES Publications, Nottingham. DfES 2003, Every Child Matters, DfES Publications, London. Farrell, M. 2006, Celebrating the Special School, David Fulton Publishers, London. Foley, P. , Parton, N. , Roche, J. Tucker, S. 2003, Contradictory and Convergent Trends in Law and Policy Affecting Children in England, in Hearing the Voices of Children: Social Policy for a New Century, eds. C. Hallett A. Prout, Routledge, London, pp. 106-120. Mittler, P. 2000, Working Towards Inclusive Education: Social Contexts, David Fulton Publishers, London. Pugh, R. , 2005. Whose Children? The State and Child Welfare [online]. Phoenix, Arizona State University. Available from: http://www. asu.edu/xed/lectures/images/Pugh05. pdf [Accessed 25 April 2007]. Rieser, R. 2000, Special Educational Needs or Inclusive Education: The Challenge of Disability Discrimination in Schooling, in Education, Equality and Human Rights, ed. M. Cole, Falmer Press, London, pp. 141-161. Rose, R. 2003, Ideology, Reality and Pragmatics: Towards an Informed Policy for Inclusion, in Strategies to Promote Inclusive Practice, eds. R. Rose C. Tilstone, RoutledgeFalmer, London, pp. 7-17. Robertson, C. 2003, Towards Inclusive Therapy: Policies and the Transformation of Practice, in Strategies to Promote Inclusive Practice, eds.R. Rose C. Tilstone, RoutledgeFalmer, London, pp. 97-116. Skrtic, T. M. 1995, Special Education and Student Disability as Organizational Pathologies: Toward a Metatheory of School Organization and Change, in Disability and Democracy: Reconstructing (Special) Education for Postmodernity, ed. T. M. Skrtic, Teachers College Press, New York, pp. 190-232. Thomas, G. , Loxley, A. 2001, Deconstructing Special Education and Constructing Inclusion, Open University Press, Buckingham. Thomas, G. , Vaughan, M. 2004, Inclusive Education: Readings and Reflections, Open University Press, London.

Stress Essay -- essays research papers

Stress   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Stress is the nonspecific response of the body to any demands made upon it; it may be characterized as muscle tension and acute anxiety or may be a positive force of action. Stressors are what cause stress. Stressors are specific or nonspecific agents or situations that cause a stress response in the body. There are five Categories of Stressors: Acute time limited stressors are anxiety-provoking situations such as having to talk in public or work out a math problem; Brief naturalistic stressors are more serious challenges such as SAT’s or meeting a deadline for a big project; Stressful event sequences like difficult consequences such as a natural disaster, or another traumatic occurrence such as a death of a spouse; Individuals know the difficulties will end at some point; Chronic stressors are ongoing demands caused by life changing circumstances, such as a permanent disability following an accident or care giving for a parent with dementia; Individuals do not have a clear en d point. Distant stressors like a traumatic experience that occurred long ago, such as child abuse, yet continue to have an emotional psychological impact. If you are used to thinking that stress is something that makes you worry, you have the wrong idea of stress. Stress is many different kinds of things: happy things, sad things, allergic things, physical things. Many people carry enormous stress loads and they do not even realize it. There are many different kinds of stress: emotional stress, illness, pushing your body too hard, environmental factors, the special case of tobacco use, hormonal factors, and allergic stress. Emotional stress may happen when arguments, disagreements, and conflicts cause changes in your personal life -- that is stress. Illness can be something small like catching a cold, breaking an arm, a skin infection, a sore back, are all changes in your body condition. Pushing your body too hard is a major source of stress you are overdriving yourself. If you are working or partying (binge drinking) 16 hours a day, you will have reduced your available time for rest. Sooner or later, the energy drain on your system will cause the body to fall behind in its repair work. There will not be enough time or energy for the body to fix broken cells, or replace used up brain neurotransmitters. Changes will occur in your body's internal ... ...ith changes that temporarily lower resistance. Levels of certain hormones may rise blood pressure may increase. The body quickly makes internal adjustments to cope with a stressor and return to normal activity. Resistance: If the stressor continues the body mobilizes its internal resources to try to sustain Homeostasis (the body’s natural state of balance or stability). An example of it is when a loved one is seriously hurt in an accident, we initially respond intensely and feel great anxiety. During the subsequent stressful period of recuperation, we struggle to carry on as normal as possible, but it requires a considerable amount of effort. Exhaustion: If the stress continues long enough we can not continue normal functioning. Even a small amount of additional stress may cause a breakdown. Work Cited: Stress. Retrieved September 8, 2005, from the World Wide Web: http://www.reutershealth.com/wellconnected/doc31.html What Causes Stress? Retrieved September 8, 2005, from the World Wide Web: http://www.beatstress.ndirect.co.uk/page4.html Theories Explaining Stress and Anxiety. Retrieved September 8, 2005, from the World Wide Web: http://mentalhelp.net/psyhelp/chap5/chap5k.htm

Questions: History and Political Science

According to Max Weber, the state is distinguished from all other organizations by its monopoly on the legitimate use of force. its use of bureaucratic procedures in making policy decisions. c. its ability to communicate political information via the media. d. its dependence on culture to define social life. its hierarchical chain of command. Which of the following is NOT among the eight essential functions that must be performed by every state, according to Gabriel Almond and his colleagues? Interest articulation Political socialization Political modernization Policy adjudication Policymaking 5. A group of components that exist in a characteristic relationship and interact on the basis of regular patterns constitutes a territory. nation. state. social contract. system. 6. Liberty, equality, freedom, and Justice are examples of inputs. requisite functions of the state. values. traditions. guaranteed rights. 7.When decisions are accepted as binding by the people affected, the decision s may be described as consensual. judicial. authoritative. rational. All of the above 8. Which of the following can be a source of legitimacy for the state? Law Tradition Contract Law and tradition but not contract Law, tradition and contract 9. Which of the following actions is a â€Å"support† input to a political system? Abstaining from a local election Obeying local traffic laws Signing a petition Requesting a government service None of the above 10. A main rationale for sovereignty, according to the Debate in 5, is that it is a core principle in national constitutions. is a central premise of international law. it is essential for the effective functioning of states. it is more important than humanitarian intervention. it prevents many wars. Res publica refers to a citizen's right to privacy. a citizen's responsibility to support the government. the appropriate domain of state activity. the right of the state to protect its territory. the demands and supports directed to the political system. 12. The most important security goal of a state is autonomy. influence. dominance. survival. economic growth. 13. Which of the following is NOT a major role of the legislature? Oversight of the executive branchInterpretation of laws Representation of citizens Enactment ot legislation All of the above are major roles. 14. Which of the following is an important area of legislative oversight? Approving major executive appointments Enacting regulatory legislation Committee hearings on legislation Control of the agenda by the legislative majority 15. A legislative ombudsman is an independent agency that assists in judicial review. legislative oversight of the administration. policy implementation. supervision of the military. analyzing legislation. 16. Which of the following is a potential drawback of a bicameral legislature?Proliteration ot elections Less effective representation Stalemates in policymaking Proliferation of political parties 17. Many observers clai m that during the twentieth century the power of legislatures increased steadily. declined significantly. remained the same. increased relative to the executive but declined relative to the Judiciary. e. declined in bicameral but not in unicameral legislatures. 18. In a political system with a fused executive, one actor carries out ceremonial aspects of the executive role while another carries out more political aspects. b. a small number of people exercise collective executive leadership. c. e ceremonial and political functions of the top executive both reside in the same actor. d. 19. which ot the tollowing is most responsi countries? The legislature The administration

Business Culture in Italy - 2515 Words

Business Culture in ITALY Doing business abroad introduces international business people to differences in approaches to business, business etiquette and protocol. Although these may not be crucial to business proceedings they should not be dismissed as unnecessary. Cross cultural awareness can enhance the potential of the international business persons trip considerably. Let us look at a brief example: There are two business people each planning on doing business in Italy. Both have similar proposals. One ignores the possible impact of culture and concentrates their efforts on the business proposal. The other also invests time and energy in the proposal but in addition realises that doing business in Italy is a lot different to doing†¦show more content†¦To arrange a meeting write, in Italian, first. Follow this up with a phone call, fax or e-mail. The best time for meetings is between 10 - 11 a.m. and after 3 p.m. Avoid August as most businesses will run on skeleton staff due to holidays. Negotiations can be slow. Demonstrating a sense of urgency is seen as a sign of weakness. At the beginning of a meeting avoid business and concentrate on some small talk. Topics of discussion could include Italian culture, food, wine and football (soccer). Italians will take away proposals and analyse them carefully. Be sure to offer as much information as possible in written form for them to take away. A known Italian tactic is to dramatically change demands at the eleventh hour to unsettle or test the flexibility of their counterparts. Remain firm. Location: Southern Europe, bordering Austria 430 km, France 488 km, Holy See (Vatican City) 3.2 km, San Marino 39 km, Slovenia 232 km, Switzerland 740 km Capital: Rome Climate: predominantly Mediterranean; Alpine in far north; hot, dry in south Population: 58,057,477 (July 2004 est.) Ethnic Make-up: Italian (includes small clusters of German-, French-, and Slovene-Italians in the north and Albanian-Italians and Greek-Italians in the south) Religions: predominately Roman Catholic with mature Protestant and Jewish communities and a growing Muslim immigrant community Government: republic The Italian Language Italian is the official language of Italy,Show MoreRelatedThe Economy And Government Of Italy1108 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Italy is located in south central Europe and makes up approximately 0.84% of the world’s population. The Mediterranean Sea and the Alps surround Italy, along with the Fertile Po Valley. The country is known to have a Mediterranean climate (Countries and Their Cultures). The main language is Italian; however, German and in some parts French is spoken as well. Rome has been the capital since 1871 and is where the Catholic Church is centered (Countries and Their Cultures and â€Å"Italy†). 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